Development and Efficiency Analysis of an Instructional Package in Basic NC Programming for Vocational Certificate Students through the Integration of Experiential Teaching and Competency-Based Education (CBE)
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Abstract
This study aimed to develop and evaluate an instructional package for the Basic NC Programming course (Course Code: 20102–2009) for vocational certificate students in the Machine Shop program, based on the Vocational Certificate Curriculum B.E. 2019 The development was intended to address low learning achievement and the lack of high-quality and up-to-date instructional media that adequately reflect real industrial practices. The instructional package was designed using a Competency-Based Education (CBE) framework, with an emphasis on essential 21st-century skills, including analytical thinking, information technology integration, and learning through hands-on practice. The instructional package was evaluated by five experts and implemented with a sample of 30 vocational students. Research instruments included a quality evaluation form, pre- and post-achievement tests, worksheets, and a learner satisfaction questionnaire. The expert evaluation results indicated that the instructional package was of high quality ( = 4.42, SD = 0.72). The instructional efficiency met the established criterion, with an E1/E2 value of 80.96/81.45, exceeding the 80/80 benchmark. The effectiveness index (E.I.) was 0.6584, indicating that students’ knowledge increased by 65.84% of the total content. In addition, post-test scores were significantly higher than pre-test scores at the 0.05 level, demonstrating the effectiveness of the instructional package in enhancing students’ knowledge, understanding, and practical skills. Learner satisfaction was rated at a high level (
= 4.23, SD = 0.32), particularly regarding instructional media and learning activities that enhanced engagement, motivation, and active participation. Overall, the results indicate that the developed instructional package possesses high quality and effectiveness in improving learning achievement, strengthening vocational skills, and fostering analytical thinking. Moreover, it effectively responds to practical instructional needs in vocational and machine shop education. The findings suggest that this instructional package has strong potential as a guideline for future instructional media development to support the production of competent vocational workforce aligned with the demands of Industry 4.0.
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