การสร้างและหาประสิทธิภาพเตียงไฟฟ้าสำหรับผู้ป่วยติดเตียงเพื่อป้องกันแผลกดทับ

Abstract

The present research was conducted with the purpose of developing and evaluating a medical innovation, namely Electric beds for bedsore patients. This innovation was designed specifically to prevent pressure ulcers among bedridden patients, who are particularly vulnerable to such complications. The study focused on three main objectives: to create the innovation, to test its effectiveness, and to assess the satisfaction of its users.

The participants in this study consisted of 30 patients from the Rehabilitation Medicine Department at Phutthasothon Hospital. They were selected through purposive sampling, ensuring that the research was carried out with individuals directly affected by the challenges of long-term immobility. Data collection was conducted through two main instruments: a form to evaluate the effectiveness of the electric bed and a questionnaire to measure user satisfaction. Basic statistical tools, including the mean and standard deviation, were applied in analyzing the collected data.

The findings of the study revealed significant insights. First, in testing beds made from different materials, it was observed that the synthetic rattan cushion bed demonstrated the best ability to prevent pressure ulcers. Using thermometers to measure body temperature after 20 minutes of lying down, participants recorded 37.0°C at both the shoulder and hip areas. Only slight redness was observed with the synthetic rattan cushion, while leather cushion beds caused moderate redness, and wooden or concrete beds resulted in severe redness.

Second, the electric bed innovation itself was tested for technical performance. Results showed that the inverter could operate at a maximum of 60 Hz and withstand a weight of up to 200 kilograms. In practical testing with a 200-kilogram participant, the bed was able to move up and down smoothly. Moreover, the contact surface of the bed, designed with a 4-inch width, allowed for better distribution of pressure across the skin. Additionally, ventilation gaps of 14 millimeters were integrated between sections of the bed, which effectively helped to dissipate heat.

Finally, user satisfaction with the electric bed was evaluated. Patients reported a very high level of satisfaction, with an average score of 4.51 out of 5. This indicated that the innovation was not only effective in terms of performance but also well-received by its intended users

Keywords: Electric bed for pressure sore prevention, synthetic rattan mattress.